About Tea
"The best quality tea must have creases like the leathern boot of Tartar horsemen, curl like the dewlap of a mighty bullock, unfold like a mist rising out of a ravine, gleam like a lake touched by a zephyr, and be wet and soft like a fine earth newly swept by rain." -Lu Yu (d. 804), Chinese sage, hermit
Health Benefits of Tea
"Tea tempers the spirit and harmonizes the mind; dispels lassitude and relieves fatigue, awakens thought and
prevents drowsiness." -Lu Yu
Tea provides the following health benefits:
- Caffeine promotes blood circulation, stimulates the nervous system, and increases metabolism and mental acuity.
- Flavanoids, including catechin polyphenol, are antioxidants that potentially boost the immune system and ward off bacterial infection and inflammation.
- Antioxidants stabilize free-radicals, unstable molecules that cause cellular damage linked to cancer, aging, coronary heart disease, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
- Flouride promotes bone density and cavity prevention.
- Tea promotes healthy digestion.
- Tea lowers cholesterol.
Types of Tea
In general, the method and degree to which tea leaves are processed determine the five types of tea. The extent to which the leaves are oxidized (often erroneously referred to as fermentation) determine qualities such as flavor, color and chemical properties of the infused liquid. Green and white tea leaves are typically the least oxidized, oolong tea is semi-oxidized and black tea is fully oxidized.
Pu-er Tea
The majority of Pu-er tea is cultivated in Southwestern China in the Yunnan province. The raw form of pu-er is minimally processed,
then packaged and set aside to age. As the tea ages, it undergoes a slow, natural oxidation process that lends pu-er its signature
smooth, earthy flavor. Ripened pu-er has been subjected to a "piling" technique during production that hastens the oxidation process
and simulates the aged quality of raw pu-er in a much shorter time. The evolved oxidation of raw pu-er imparts a refined and subtle
flavor that is not always present in ripened pu-er, often making it the more valued of the two. This type of tea owes its immense
popularity to its complex flavors and wide array of medicinal attributes. Many drink pu-er tea to lower their cholesterol, aid in
digestion, and stimulate healthy cell growth as a preventative measure against cancer.
White and Green Tea
The degree to which tea leaves are oxidized determines the level of antioxidants retained and transferred to the brew. Because white tea
is comprised primarily of tips, the youngest part of the plant, it retains the highest levels of antioxidants. It is closely followed by
green, then oolong and lastly black. Note that caffeine levels are not affected by the extent to which leaves are processed. Caffeine is
more soluble at higher temperatures and therefore it is the length of time and the temperature of the water that tea is steeped that
determines the caffeine content. Because green and white teas are less processed, they are more sensitive than black and oolong and
should steep at lower temperatures to enhance their delicate flavors and prevent bitterness.
Red Tea
Red tea is popular in China, especially Chi Men Red Tea. It has a light aroma, medium body and is red in color.
Oolong and Black Tea
Black tea is fully oxidized, yielding the tea with the strongest flavor and darkest color. Both types withstand multiple infusions and
steep at a higher temperature and for a longer period of time.